Many people have been exposed to such equipment as laser cutting machine, but to truly understand the working principle of laser cutting machine, in-depth research and learning are needed. Longtai Laser – The manufacturer of laser cutting machine will show you how to produce a laser generator today.
1、 How is laser generated?
Matter has an atomic structure. The electrons rotate around the nucleus. The orbits are different. These orbits are called energy levels. The electrons are in different energy levels, so are the atomic energies. Since the particles are at low energy level, the equilibrium state is that there are more low-energy particles than high-energy particles. If you provide an energy source, you can allow low-energy particles to absorb energy and jump to the high-energy level, so there are more high-energy particles than low-energy particles. This is called particle rank inversion.
High level particles have a tendency of spontaneous transition to low level particles. The electron spontaneously converts the energy level difference and releases a photon. The frequency of spontaneous emission, called spontaneous emission, is proportional to the energy level difference of the transformation. In accordance with the Planck formula, hve2-e1. h is the Planck constant, v is the frequency of the photon, and e1 and e2 are the high energy level and the low energy level, respectively. This photon also excites E2 particles, which are stimulated by the frequency, phase, direction and polarization direction of the photon, and are completely consistent with the radiation. At this point, the E2 level of a particle generates two identical photons, and then the E2 level of the particle is excited to generate four identical photons. This avalanche reaction enlarges the incident time and rapidly increases the light intensity. If two parallel reflectors are set at both ends of the radiation system to form an optical cavity parallel to the cavity axis, the light intensity is amplified before the two reflectors and becomes stronger and stronger until the e2 particles are stimulated to e1, the dramatic inversion of particles disappears and the light intensity does not increase.
In the process of reflection, with the change of the direction and wavelength of the resonance light, the resonance light cannot be formed and disappears outside the cavity at any time. With the same speed of light and high brightness monochromatic light, a “laser” is generated.
2、 Laser characteristics:
Brightness: It is the brighter light source in the world. The brightness of CO2 laser is 8 orders of magnitude higher than that of solar surface, and the brightness of nd glass laser is 16 orders of magnitude higher than that of solar surface.
Good directivity: near ideal parallel light, long distance propagation, small diffusion area.
Good monochromaticity: narrow spectral width. It is smaller than Krypton.
It has the characteristics of reflection, refraction, projection and focusing.
High power density; Generally, in 105-107W/cm2, it can reach 106-1012W/cm2 after full focus.